准备工作

准备工作#

  • 本节贡献者: 田冬冬

  • 最近更新日期: 2022-06-12

  • 预计花费时间: 10 分钟

这一章，我们将使用 Python 语言和 ObsPy 软件包 学习并掌握地震学数据的获取、处理和分析。在开始本章内容之前，读者应：

  • 阅读《Python 语言》一节，并安装 Miniconda

  • 掌握 Python 的基本语法并了解如何执行 Python 代码

安装依赖包#

本章中的地震学实践需要使用如下 Python 包：

  • ObsPy: 用于地震数据获取、处理和分析

  • cartopy: 用于绘制地图

  • JupyterLab: 基于浏览器的交互式开发环境

通过如下命令安装所需依赖包：

$ conda install obspy cartopy jupyterlab

检查当前环境#

开启一个终端，在终端中键入 jupyter lab 命令来启动 JupyterLab。 在 JupyterLab 中新建一个 Notebook，并在 Notebook 中执行如下命令以检查当前环境。

import platform

import obspy
import matplotlib
import numpy
import cartopy

print("Python: ", platform.python_version())
print("ObsPy: ", obspy.__version__)
print("Matplotlib: ", matplotlib.__version__)
print("NumPy: ", numpy.__version__)
print("cartopy: ", cartopy.__version__)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ModuleNotFoundError                       Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[1], line 3
      1 import platform
----> 3 import obspy
      4 import matplotlib
      5 import numpy

File ~/micromamba/envs/seismo-learn/lib/python3.13/site-packages/obspy/__init__.py:44
     41     msg = ('pkg_resources is deprecated as an API')
     42     warnings.filterwarnings(
     43         'ignore', message=msg, category=DeprecationWarning, module='obspy')
---> 44     from obspy.core.utcdatetime import UTCDateTime  # NOQA
     45 from obspy.core.util import _get_version_string
     46 __version__ = _get_version_string(abbrev=10)

File ~/micromamba/envs/seismo-learn/lib/python3.13/site-packages/obspy/core/__init__.py:120
     12 """
     13 obspy.core - Core classes of ObsPy
     14 ==================================
   (...)    117 .. _NumPy: http://www.numpy.org
    118 """
    119 # don't change order
--> 120 from obspy.core.utcdatetime import UTCDateTime  # NOQA
    121 from obspy.core.util.attribdict import AttribDict  # NOQA
    122 from obspy.core.trace import Stats, Trace  # NOQA

File ~/micromamba/envs/seismo-learn/lib/python3.13/site-packages/obspy/core/utcdatetime.py:21
     18 import warnings
     20 import numpy as np
---> 21 from obspy.core.util.deprecation_helpers import ObsPyDeprecationWarning
     24 # based on https://www.myintervals.com/blog/2009/05/20/iso-8601, w/ week 53 fix
     25 _ISO8601_REGEX = re.compile(r"""
     26     ^
     27     ([\+-]?\d{4}(?!\d{2}\b))
   (...)     40     $
     41     """, re.VERBOSE)

File ~/micromamba/envs/seismo-learn/lib/python3.13/site-packages/obspy/core/util/__init__.py:22
     20 # import order matters - NamedTemporaryFile must be one of the first!
     21 from obspy.core.util.attribdict import AttribDict
---> 22 from obspy.core.util.base import (ALL_MODULES, DEFAULT_MODULES,
     23                                   NATIVE_BYTEORDER, NETWORK_MODULES,
     24                                   NamedTemporaryFile, _read_from_plugin,
     25                                   create_empty_data_chunk, get_example_file,
     26                                   get_script_dir_name, MATPLOTLIB_VERSION,
     27                                   SCIPY_VERSION, NUMPY_VERSION,
     28                                   CARTOPY_VERSION, CatchAndAssertWarnings)
     29 from obspy.core.util.misc import (BAND_CODE, CatchOutput, complexify_string,
     30                                   guess_delta, score_at_percentile,
     31                                   to_int_or_zero, SuppressOutput)
     32 from obspy.core.util.obspy_types import (ComplexWithUncertainties, Enum,
     33                                          FloatWithUncertainties)

File ~/micromamba/envs/seismo-learn/lib/python3.13/site-packages/obspy/core/util/base.py:26
     23 from pathlib import PurePath
     25 import numpy as np
---> 26 import pkg_resources
     27 from pkg_resources import get_entry_info, iter_entry_points
     29 from obspy.core.util.misc import to_int_or_zero, buffered_load_entry_point

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pkg_resources'
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